When cooler weather rolls in, so does flu season. Along with the flu, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and COVID-19 also tend to spread more during the fall and winter months. These viral illnesses share similar symptoms, which can make it hard to know what you or your loved one might be dealing with.
Most cases of flu and related viruses are mild and manageable at home, but some symptoms require immediate medical attention. Knowing what to watch for and when to go to the emergency room can help keep your family safe and healthy this season.
Flu vs. RSV vs. COVID-19: What’s the Difference?
All three of these illnesses are caused by viruses and can lead to respiratory symptoms, body aches, and fever. However, there are key differences that may help you identify which virus is at play.
Influenza (Flu):
- Comes on suddenly
- High fever, chills, and body aches
- Fatigue and weakness
- Cough and sore throat
- Headaches and sometimes vomiting, especially in children
RSV:
- More common in infants and young children, but can affect adults
- Stuffy nose and cough that may worsen over several days
- Trouble breathing, especially in babies
- Loss of appetite or difficulty feeding
COVID-19:
- Symptoms may appear 2 to 14 days after exposure
- Fever, cough, fatigue, and sore throat
- Loss of taste or smell (less common with newer variants)
- Headache and body aches
- Can lead to breathing issues and other complications
Since symptoms overlap, testing may be the only way to confirm which virus you have. This is especially important for people at higher risk, including infants, seniors, pregnant individuals, and those with chronic health conditions.
When Flu Symptoms Become Dangerous
Most people recover from the flu within a few days to a week. However, the virus can sometimes cause serious complications like pneumonia, dehydration, or worsening of existing health conditions. Knowing when flu symptoms are more than just uncomfortable is key.
You should go to the emergency room if you or your child experiences:
- Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
- High fever that does not go down with medicine
- Chest pain or pressure
- Confusion, dizziness, or trouble staying awake
- Bluish lips or fingertips
- Severe vomiting or signs of dehydration (such as no urine for 8 hours)
In children, additional warning signs include:
- Fast breathing or grunting
- Seizures
- Not eating or drinking
- Not waking up or interacting
- Fever with a rash
Any of these signs point to a serious flu-related complication and need medical care right away.
Flu in Babies and Young Children
Young children, especially those under age five, are more vulnerable to flu complications. Infants under six months are at the highest risk because they are too young to receive the flu vaccine. Parents should watch closely for any signs of distress.
Call your pediatrician or go to the ER if your baby:
- Has trouble breathing or feeds poorly
- Has a fever over 100.4°F (for babies under 3 months)
- Is difficult to wake or unusually fussy
- Has fewer wet diapers than usual
- Has a bluish or pale appearance
Young children can go from mildly ill to very sick quickly, so do not wait if symptoms are getting worse.
Flu and COVID-19 in Older Adults
For seniors, the flu, RSV, and COVID-19 can all be dangerous. Older adults are more likely to develop pneumonia or need hospitalization. Some may not show a high fever but may seem unusually tired, confused, or unsteady.
If an older adult in your life shows signs of chest pain, labored breathing, or sudden changes in alertness, seek emergency care immediately. These symptoms may indicate serious complications that need treatment right away.
When to Watch and When to Act
Not every sore throat or cough needs an ER visit. In most cases, rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medication will help ease symptoms. But if symptoms begin to interfere with breathing, hydration, or awareness, it is time to act.
Use this simple rule of thumb:
- If the sick person is eating, drinking, breathing comfortably, and alert, home care is usually enough.
- If they are struggling to breathe, stay hydrated, or stay awake, it is time to seek emergency care.
Also, trust your instincts. If something feels wrong or your loved one is not acting like themselves, it is better to be cautious.
How Emergency Care Can Help
Emergency departments are equipped to handle complications from viral illnesses quickly and safely. When you arrive, the care team will assess vital signs, oxygen levels, and dehydration risk. If needed, they may perform tests such as:
- Flu and COVID-19 swabs
- Chest X-rays to check for pneumonia
- Blood tests for infection or organ stress
For children and older adults, fluids or breathing support may be started right away. The goal is to stabilize the patient and begin treatment early to prevent worsening symptoms.
Tips to Stay Ahead of Flu Season
Prevention is the best way to reduce your risk of flu and other viruses. Here are some steps you can take right now:
- Get the flu shot. Everyone 6 months and older should get vaccinated each year.
- Practice good hand hygiene. Wash your hands with soap often, especially before eating and after coughing or sneezing.
- Stay home when sick. Avoid school, work, or gatherings if you have symptoms.
- Wear a mask in crowded or high-risk settings.
- Disinfect shared surfaces like doorknobs, remote controls, and phones.
- Keep your distance from people who are sick, especially if you are at higher risk.
Even with precautions, it is still possible to get sick. But being prepared can reduce the chances of complications and help you recover faster.
Protecting Your Family This Flu Season
It is never easy to see a loved one struggling with illness. Knowing the signs of serious flu or viral infection can help you respond quickly and confidently. Whether it is a young child, a grandparent, or yourself, fast action during a health emergency can make a big difference.
Flu season can be unpredictable, but your access to emergency care doesn’t have to be. If you or a loved one is showing signs of serious illness, the Life Savers ER team is ready 24/7 to provide fast, expert care when it matters most.
